Add project files.
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roman
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using System;
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using System.Collections.Generic;
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using System.Diagnostics;
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using System.Linq;
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namespace BoxPacker3D
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{
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/// <summary>
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/// Layer-based packing algorithm.
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///
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/// 1. Compute total padded volume: each item slot = (W+p)×(H+p)×(D+p), sum all types.
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/// 2. t = paddedVol / maxInnerVol → estimate box via linear interpolation
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/// dim(t) = dim_min + t*(dim_max – dim_min) for W, H, D
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/// 3. Start with the type whose single item has the largest volume.
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/// Items may only rotate around the vertical axis (W↔D), H is always preserved.
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/// 4. Snap D: fit a whole number of items into estimated D.
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/// 5. Snap W: fit a whole number of items into estimated W.
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/// 6. Stack H: add as many layers upward as needed for all items of this type.
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/// Cap at maxBox.H; excess items → unpacked.
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/// 7. Subsequent types: add full horizontal layers on top (same W×D footprint).
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/// If the type does not fill a complete layer in original orientation, try W↔D rotation.
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/// 8. After every placement step, verify that no dimension exceeds maxBox.
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/// 9. Tighten box so wall insulation touches items on all six sides.
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/// 10. Items that do not fit → unpacked list (shown in PDF export).
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/// </summary>
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public class LayerPacker
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{
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private const double EPS = 0.001;
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public (List<PackedItem> packed, Box box, List<Item> unpacked) Pack(
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List<Item> allItems,
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Box minBox, Box maxBox,
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double wallPad, double itemPad, double wallThickness)
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{
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var packed = new List<PackedItem>();
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var unpacked = new List<Item>();
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double edge = wallPad + wallThickness;
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if (allItems.Count == 0)
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return (packed, minBox, unpacked);
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// ── Step 1: total padded volume ───────────────────────────────────────
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// Each item occupies (W+p)×(H+p)×(D+p) — padding is shared between
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// neighbours so only one layer per side is counted.
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double totalPaddedVol = allItems.Sum(i =>
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(i.W + itemPad) * (i.H + itemPad) * (i.D + itemPad));
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// ── Step 2: estimated box size via linear interpolation ───────────────
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// t = ratio of needed inner volume to maximum available inner volume
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double maxIW = Math.Max(EPS, maxBox.W - 2 * edge);
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double maxIH = Math.Max(EPS, maxBox.H - 2 * edge);
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double maxID = Math.Max(EPS, maxBox.D - 2 * edge);
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double maxInnerVol = maxIW * maxIH * maxID;
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double t = Math.Min(1.0, Math.Max(0.0, totalPaddedVol / maxInnerVol));
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// a(t) = a_min + t*(a_max – a_min)
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double estW = minBox.W + t * (maxBox.W - minBox.W);
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double estH = minBox.H + t * (maxBox.H - minBox.H);
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double estD = minBox.D + t * (maxBox.D - minBox.D);
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// Inner (usable) dimensions from the estimate
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double estIW = Math.Max(0, estW);
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double estIH = Math.Max(0, estH);
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double estID = Math.Max(0, estD);
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// ── Step 3: sort types by single-item volume descending ───────────────
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var types = allItems
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.GroupBy(i => i.Name)
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.Select(g => (Proto: g.First(), Items: g.ToList()))
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.OrderByDescending(g => g.Proto.Volume)
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.ToList();
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// ── Steps 4–6: place first type ───────────────────────────────────────
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var (proto0, items0) = types[0];
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bool firstPlaced = false;
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double extW = 0, extH = 0, extD = 0;
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// Open (incomplete) last layer state
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double openLayerY = double.NaN;
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int openFilled = 0; // how many slots are already occupied
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int openCapacity = 0; // total slots in that layer (nW×nD)
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double openIW = 0, openIH = 0, openID = 0;
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int openNW = 0, openND = 0;
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foreach (var (iW, iH, iD) in Orientations(proto0))
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{
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// Step 4: snap D to whole number of items (based on estimated D)
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int nD = Math.Max(1, (int)((estID + itemPad) / (iD + itemPad)));
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nD = Math.Min(nD, (int)((maxID + itemPad) / (iD + itemPad)));
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if (nD < 1) continue;
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// Step 5: snap W to whole number of items (based on estimated W)
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int nW = Math.Max(1, (int)((estIW + itemPad) / (iW + itemPad)));
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nW = Math.Min(nW, (int)((maxIW + itemPad) / (iW + itemPad)));
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if (nW < 1) continue;
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// Step 6: H layers needed for all items; cap at maxBox.H
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int nH = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)items0.Count / (nD * nW));
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nH = Math.Min(nH, (int)((maxIH + itemPad) / (iH + itemPad)));
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if (nH < 1) continue;
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// Place items layer by layer from bottom to top
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int idx = 0;
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for (int iy = 0; iy < nH && idx < items0.Count; iy++)
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for (int iz = 0; iz < nD && idx < items0.Count; iz++)
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for (int ix = 0; ix < nW && idx < items0.Count; ix++)
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{
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packed.Add(new PackedItem(items0[idx++],
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edge + ix * (iW + itemPad),
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edge + iy * (iH + itemPad),
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edge + iz * (iD + itemPad),
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iW, iH, iD));
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}
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// Items that didn't fit (nH was capped) → unpacked
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for (int i = idx; i < items0.Count; i++)
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unpacked.Add(items0[i]);
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extW = nW * (iW + itemPad) - itemPad;
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extH = nH * (iH + itemPad) - itemPad;
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extD = nD * (iD + itemPad) - itemPad;
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// Track open last layer if it was not completely filled.
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// lastFilled == 0 when: (a) last layer is perfectly full, OR
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// (b) nH was capped so idx = nH*perLayer0 (exact multiple) — in
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// that case the last placed layer IS full, nothing to fill.
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// In both cases there is no open layer → openLayerY stays NaN.
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int perLayer0 = nW * nD;
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int lastFilled = idx % perLayer0;
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if (lastFilled > 0)
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{
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openLayerY = edge + (nH - 1) * (iH + itemPad);
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openFilled = lastFilled;
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openCapacity = perLayer0;
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openIW = iW; openIH = iH; openID = iD;
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openNW = nW; openND = nD;
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}
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Debug.WriteLine(
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$"[LP] Type0 nW={nW} nD={nD} nH={nH} perLayer={perLayer0} " +
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$"idx={idx} lastFilled={lastFilled} " +
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$"openLayerY={openLayerY:F1} openIW={openIW} openIH={openIH} openID={openID}");
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Debug.WriteLine($"[LayerPacker] Type0: nW={nW} nD={nD} nH={nH} perLayer={nW*nD} idx={idx} lastFilled={idx%(nW*nD)} openLayerY={openLayerY:F1} openIW={openIW} openIH={openIH} openID={openID}");
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firstPlaced = true;
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break;
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}
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if (!firstPlaced)
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{
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unpacked.AddRange(allItems);
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return (packed, minBox, unpacked);
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}
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// ── Step 7: subsequent types — fill open layer then full layers on top ─
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for (int ti = 1; ti < types.Count; ti++)
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{
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var (proto, typeItems) = types[ti];
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var queue = new Queue<Item>(typeItems);
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// ── 7a: fill the open (incomplete) last layer of the previous type ─
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Debug.WriteLine(
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$"[LP] Type{ti} '{proto.Name}': openLayerY={openLayerY:F1} " +
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$"openFilled={openFilled} openCap={openCapacity} " +
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$"openIW={openIW} openIH={openIH} openID={openID}");
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if (!double.IsNaN(openLayerY) && queue.Count > 0)
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{
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int ixPartial = openFilled % openNW;
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int izPartial = openFilled / openNW;
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// Region A: X-remainder of the partially-filled Z-row.
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// Items must fit within openID depth to avoid overlapping Region B.
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if (ixPartial > 0)
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{
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double aXBase = edge + ixPartial * (openIW + itemPad);
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double aZBase = edge + izPartial * (openID + itemPad);
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FillRectangle(queue, packed,
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aXBase, aZBase,
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extW - ixPartial * (openIW + itemPad), openID,
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openLayerY, openIH, itemPad, proto);
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}
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// Region B: completely free Z-rows (uses both orientations via FillRectangle).
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int izFree = izPartial + (ixPartial > 0 ? 1 : 0);
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double bZOff = izFree * (openID + itemPad);
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double bRectD = extD - bZOff;
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if (bRectD > EPS)
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FillRectangle(queue, packed,
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edge, edge + bZOff, extW, bRectD,
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openLayerY, openIH, itemPad, proto);
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openLayerY = double.NaN;
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}
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// ── 7b: add layers on top, filling each layer with both orientations ─
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foreach (var (iW, iH, iD) in Orientations(proto))
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{
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if (queue.Count == 0) break;
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// Step 8: check remaining height
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double availH = maxBox.H - 2 * edge - extH;
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int nHavail = (int)((availH + itemPad) / (iH + itemPad));
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if (nHavail < 1) continue;
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// Verify at least one item fits per layer in this orientation
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if ((int)((extW + itemPad) / (iW + itemPad)) < 1) continue;
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if ((int)((extD + itemPad) / (iD + itemPad)) < 1) continue;
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while (queue.Count > 0 && nHavail > 0)
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{
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int before = queue.Count;
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double y0 = edge + extH + itemPad;
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// Fill the full extW×extD footprint using both orientations.
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// FillRectangle recurses into remaining strips with rotated items.
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FillRectangle(queue, packed, edge, edge, extW, extD,
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y0, iH, itemPad, proto);
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if (queue.Count == before) break; // items too large for remaining space
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extH += iH + itemPad;
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nHavail--;
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}
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openLayerY = double.NaN;
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break;
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}
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// Leftover items → unpacked
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unpacked.AddRange(queue);
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}
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// ── Step 9: tighten box ───────────────────────────────────────────────
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var box = TightenBox(packed, edge, minBox, maxBox, wallThickness);
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return (packed, box, unpacked);
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}
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// ── Helpers ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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/// <summary>
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/// Fills a rectangular horizontal region (xBase,zBase)+(rectW×rectD) at height y
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/// with items from queue, trying both W/D orientations. After placing the primary
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/// grid the remaining two strips (Z-remainder and X-remainder) are filled recursively,
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/// so rotated items can be used to fill gaps left by the primary orientation.
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/// layerH caps the maximum item height that may be placed.
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/// </summary>
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private static void FillRectangle(
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Queue<Item> queue, List<PackedItem> packed,
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double xBase, double zBase, double rectW, double rectD,
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double y, double layerH, double itemPad, Item proto)
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{
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if (queue.Count == 0 || rectW < EPS || rectD < EPS) return;
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foreach (var (iW, iH, iD) in Orientations(proto))
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{
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if (iH > layerH + EPS) continue;
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int nW = (int)((rectW + itemPad) / (iW + itemPad));
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int nD = (int)((rectD + itemPad) / (iD + itemPad));
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if (nW < 1 || nD < 1) continue;
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for (int iz = 0; iz < nD && queue.Count > 0; iz++)
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for (int ix = 0; ix < nW && queue.Count > 0; ix++)
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packed.Add(new PackedItem(queue.Dequeue(),
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xBase + ix * (iW + itemPad),
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y,
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zBase + iz * (iD + itemPad),
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iW, iH, iD));
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// Z-strip: depth remaining after primary grid rows
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double zRemain = rectD - nD * (iD + itemPad);
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if (zRemain > EPS && queue.Count > 0)
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FillRectangle(queue, packed,
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xBase, zBase + nD * (iD + itemPad), rectW, zRemain,
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y, layerH, itemPad, proto);
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// X-strip: width remaining alongside primary grid's Z range
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double xRemain = rectW - nW * (iW + itemPad);
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if (xRemain > EPS && queue.Count > 0)
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FillRectangle(queue, packed,
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xBase + nW * (iW + itemPad), zBase,
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xRemain, nD * (iD + itemPad),
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y, layerH, itemPad, proto);
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break; // orientation chosen — done
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}
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Two allowed orientations: original and rotated 90° around vertical axis (W↔D).
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/// H is always preserved — items cannot be tilted sideways.
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/// </summary>
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private static IEnumerable<(double iW, double iH, double iD)> Orientations(Item proto)
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{
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yield return (proto.W, proto.H, proto.D);
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if (Math.Abs(proto.W - proto.D) > EPS)
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yield return (proto.D, proto.H, proto.W);
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Shrinks the box to just enclose all packed items plus edge on every side.
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/// </summary>
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private static Box TightenBox(
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List<PackedItem> packed, double edge,
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Box minBox, Box maxBox, double wallThickness)
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{
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if (packed.Count == 0) return minBox;
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double tw = Math.Clamp(Math.Ceiling(packed.Max(p => p.X + p.RW) + edge), minBox.W, maxBox.W);
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double th = Math.Clamp(Math.Ceiling(packed.Max(p => p.Y + p.RH) + edge), minBox.H, maxBox.H);
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double td = Math.Clamp(Math.Ceiling(packed.Max(p => p.Z + p.RD) + edge), minBox.D, maxBox.D);
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return new Box(tw, th, td, wallThickness);
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}
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}
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}
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